victorian slums facts ks2

For some slumming was a peculiar form of tourism motivated by curiosity, excitement and thrill, others were motivated by moral, religious and altruistic reasons. Still can't find what you're looking for? Identified by a large lantern looming over their front door, they provided miserable accommodation in squalid dormitories lined with pest-ridden beds. Slum Journeys: Ladies and London Poverty 1860-1940, in: Alan Mayne and Tim Murray, eds. London: A Social History. Slumming Parties To Be The Rage This Winter, The New York Times, September 14, 1884. And although you might think of Victorian houses being lit only by candles, gas powered lighting actually developed quickly during Victorian times and, again, became a common feature in most homes. Print these to display in your classroom or turn them into a research activity for KS2 children. Newsprint influenced both public opinion and local government policy. Rosina was to be the latter, the bourgeois ideal of womanhood; a pretty, golden-haired girl with an alcoholic, abusive husband, who, despite living in a slum street, kept her house and its exterior tidy, so that it presents a cleaner aspect than others. Poor children often had to work to earn money for their family. 1970. This does not influence our choices. However, a number of socially conscious writers, social investigators, moral reformers, preachers and journalists, who sought solution to this urban malady in the second half of the nineteenth century, argued convincingly that the growth of slums was caused by poverty, unemployment, social exclusion and homelessness. This consistency in style was achieved thanks to the development of the railways, allowing easy transportation of materials. Many people living in cramped conditions in tenements. a study of an aspect of history or a site dating from a period before 1066 that is significant in the locality. Stedman Jones, G. Outcast London: A Study in the Relationship Between Classes in Victorian Society. St. Giles and Clerkenwell in central London, the Devil's Acre near Westminster Abbey, Jacob's Island in Bermondsey, on the south bank of the Thames River, the Mint in Southwark, and Pottery Lane in Notting Hill. MDk1YTAyOTc0YWFmYjI3MzM0NTcxNjQzMmZmYTMzODMzNGM1MTc4NjdmN2M2 1861-2. Our customer service team will review your report and will be in touch. A whole street (sometimes more) would have to share a couple of toilets and a pump. Key words associated with this time period, such as 'workhouse', 'slums', 'factories', 'Industrial Revolution', 'privy', 'night soil' and much more are included in these illustrated word cards. By the turn of the nineteenth century thousands of men and women were involved in social work and philanthropy in London slums. One such man was Henry Mayhew, a journalist who wrote a series of articles about Londons poverty-stricken inhabitants during the early years of Queen Victorias reign. Machines for factories were invented that could make . bmF0dXJlIjoiM2I4Y2RkZGUzYmRkMmE4NzFjOGQzZGZhMTQzZjNmMzA5MDU1 Anxiety and curiosity about slums could be heard in many public debates to that extent that, as Seth Koven writes: By the 1890s, London guidebooks such as the Baedekers not only directed visitors to shops, monuments, and churches but also mapped excursions to world renowned philanthropic institutions located in notorious slum districts such as Whitechapel and Shoreditch. After completing a timeline activity, pupils will gain an overview of facts about the period and then engage with a set of historical sources to make deductions about life in Victorian times. A number of gentlemen and lady slummers decided to take up temporary residence in the East End in order to collect data on the nature and extent of poverty and deprivation. NmVlOGE4MDhhYTAzNGVhNGM2MTg5MGE1YWMyYTJmY2E1ZjcxZWJjYzMwNWE3 By the end of the seventeenth century it was a relatively prosperous district. Some of these people may also have social disadvantages. Each lesson includes Powerpoint slides, a detailed plan and pupil resource sheets. Can you draw any conclusions about Victorian values and attitudes from the sources? As a result of the press coverage, slum tourists converged on the Row to see how the poor of their town lived and to see where a woman was nearly murdered. Slums ceased to be regarded as a disease in themselves and gradually came to be viewed as a symptom of a much larger social ill. (Wohl 223) A number of contemporary accounts about subhuman life in the slums aroused public concern. Victorian houses tended to have fairly large rooms that featured intricate detailing in the reception rooms and bedrooms, such as dado rails on the walls and mouldings and cornices on the ceilings. Some of them helped prepare the subsequent slum reform and clearance legislations. Empty reply does not make any sense for the end user. The deplorable conditions of the Old Nichol were immortalised by Arthur Morrison in his slum novel, The Child of the Jago. The amenities found in Victorian homes differ, depending on whether you're closer to the beginning or the end of the era, and whether you were rich or poor. [Victorian Railways](http://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/victorian-railways-lesson-for-ks2-12059539) A full lesson for KS2 about the introduction of the railways, including a detailed lesson plan, Powerpoint and pupil resource sheets. Olsen, Donald J. Slum in Delhi, India. Today this fascinating document can be viewed online here. In the 1800's the population of London went from 1 million to 6 million people! A FREE full lesson for KS2 introducing the Victorian period, including a detailed lesson plan, Powerpoint and pupil resource sheets. I have designed an alleyway which has three buildings made into five small living areas. The slum landlords most lucrative investments were Registered Common Lodging Houses, so-named because they had to be registered with the police. Kidadl has a number of affiliate partners that we work with including Amazon. Working-class inhabitants could listen to lectures, Bible readings and concerts. Until this happened, it argued, the slum would remain the same foul, dangerous quarter of obscenity, filth and degradation where sin, vice and crime were rife. OWFhZmY3MWZhNWZjYzgxYjgxODU1OWFhYTE1OGE3Mzg5NGNlMDI5ZWQxNjcw In 1893, a resident called Thomas Flynn told the court he could not pay a fine because for some time past work had been very dead. Dyos, H. J. and D. A. Reeder. Mayhew described the inmates of a Common Lodging House thus: The pickpockets lodging there consist of handkerchief stealers, shopliftersBesides pickpockets, there are also lodging in the house speculators in stolen goodsI have known, says my informant, these speculators to wait in the kitchen, walking about with their hands in their pockets till a little fellow would come in with such a thing as a piece of bacon, or a piece of mutton. Officially entitled An Inquiry into the Life and Labour of the People of Londonthe survey began in 1886 and took Booth and his assistants 17 years to complete. Chimney-sweeps consists of three episodes about what life was like for city children working as chimney sweeps during the Victorian era. YTM5MDU3YTk3ZDA1NjRjOGI1MzJmZGJmYTBkYzQ1Mjc1ZGNmMmFkNjg4YzM0 Such women as Annie Besant, Lady Constance Battersea, Helen Bosanquet, Clara Collet, Emma Cons, Octavia Hill, Margaret Harkness, Beatrice Potter (Webb), and Ella Pycroft explored some of Londons most notorious rookeries, and their eye-witness reports gradually changed the public opinion about the causes of poverty and squalor. doc, 83 KB. Ed. It is a place where people may not have basic needs. The rates of crime and violence were very high in the slums and many young people turned to crime to avoid the workhouse. We recognise that not all activities and ideas are appropriate and suitable for all children and families or in all circumstances. Introduction to the Victorians By the early 1890s a number of shuls (synagogues) and chevrots (small places of worship) had been opened in Spitalfields and the neighbouring areas. MDEzYzY5NGYxMWMwMTFjYmIyNzJlNjY4Mzg5YjFlMDNlMDI0NTk2MTA3Zjdm There are slums in most of the big cities of the world. This lesson introduces the Victorian period and helps pupils to set it into its wider context in British history. H. J. Dyos, and M. Wolff, 1:359-86. A woman from a slum is taking a bath in a river. [Victorian Working Children](http://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/victorian-working-children-lesson-for-ks2-12059555) A full lesson for KS2 exploring the topic of jobs for Victorian children, including a detailed lesson plan, Powerpoint and pupil resource sheets. There are slums in most of the big cities of the world. Rocinha favela is next to skyscrapers and wealthier parts of the city, a location that provides jobs and easy commute to those who live in the slums. Teachers may want to break their class up into groups and get students to feed back on a selection of documents and/or annotate them at the white board. NTEzZmY3MTlmNjFhMTM3ZDg2N2E2NTAyMGQ3ODg3NWU1NDRlMjA4NDE2NjJi Slumland, Squires in the Slums: Settlements and Missions in Late Victorian Britain, Outcast London: A Study in the Relationship Between Classes in Victorian Society, The Eternal Slum: Housing and Social Policy in Victorian London, Endangered Lives: Public Health in Victorian Britain, Slums and Slum Clearance in Victorian London, After Crimea: Florence Nightingale and Slum Clearance, The Slum of All Fears: Dickens's Concern with Urban Poverty and Sanitation. Chesney, Kellow. (Garwood viii). During the Industrial Revolution, millions of Victorian houses were built to provide cheap, efficient homes for workers and their families. Harkness, Margaret. Poverty in Victorian England. Image National Trust Birmingham Back to Backs. Judith Flanders examines the state of housing for the 19th-century urban poor, assessing the 'improvements' carried out in slum areas and the efforts of writers, including Charles Dickens and Henry Mayhew, to publicise such living conditions. At the same time, farming was . Have a class discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of working with each type of source, 10. ZjVmOTI3MWNiYzk1NGVmZGFlYzMxMDE0ZDc3Y2VhYTExYmQxOTQxNjAzZmNl It was a different world for the rich, who enjoyed spacious homes for themselves and their servants. Two of Phil May's depictions of life in the East End: East End Loafers and A Street-Row in the East End. In some areas, you could even find several families occupying one Two-up two-down home. It is a place where people may not have basic needs. [Industrial Revolution ](http://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/industrial-revolution-lesson-for-ks2-12058379) A full lesson for KS2 exploring the impact of the Industrial Revolution, including a detailed lesson plan, Powerpoint and pupil resource sheets. The Victorian era of history is often studied at Key Stage 2 in England. a study over time tracing how several aspects national history are reflected in the locality (this can go beyond 1066) They all largely followed the same layout and design style, and continue to be a defining feature of many . Britain. Villa 31, one of the largest slums of Argentina, located near the center of Buenos Aires. Gordon, Michael R. Alias Jack the Ripper: Beyond the Usual Whitechapel Suspects. Victorian Era Slums. The Evening Express sent a reporter out to investigate the den of iniquity from which she had emerged: Instead of being the quarters of orderly females, it is quite the reverse, and hardly a police-court is held but what some disorderly case is heard from that quarter Our reporter, who visited it on Saturday morning, says it is a typical abode of the poorest clan of Irish folk. ZTFiNTg3MDdjMWQ5ZWUzYjI3NDM3NmJhNGFmZWIxMjdkNzA4MGY4MTliOGM3 Any case that came before the local courts would be pounced on if the parties involved lived in slum areas. Those who would not or could not work were treated as an 'underclass' whose impoverished state was akin to a criminal offence. On 2 November 1895, Rosina Meagher, a young Welsh woman, was attacked by her husband. It eagerly noted how drunkenness, harlotry, murder and bestiality were ever-present in areas where distinctions between sexes were unknown due to communal living in doss houses, before including a graphic tale of one wife, the victim of domestic violence, cowering from her sullen, drunken, murderous brute of a husband, while he ripped her clothing. -----BEGIN REPORT----- New York: Dover Publications, 1968. A slum is a part of a city or a town where many poor people live. The spacious and handsome Huguenot houses were divided up into tiny dwellings which were rented by poor families of labourers, who sought employment in the nearby docks. Most houses in Victorian times were either terraced housing or detached buildings, although some of the less desirable were 'back to back' (an example of which can still be found in Birmingham) where the only windows were at the front, and there were no back gardens. Read advice from our educational experts and historians about studying this period of rapid technological and industrial change, and explore suggested activities to try with your students at home, in the . In the last decades of the Victorian era East London was inhabited predominantly by the working classes, which consisted of native English population, Irish immigrants, many of whom lived in extreme poverty, and immigrants from Central and Eastern Europe, mostly poor Russian, Polish and German Jews, who found shelter in great numbers in Whitechapel and the adjoining areas of St. Georges-in-the-East and Mile End. Slums the first recorded use of the word is in 1825 were one symptom of the mass growth in population which occurred in the first half of the 19th century. Each lesson contains ideas for differentiation so that it is easy to adapt for the needs of your class or year group. Quiet Womans Row became shorthand for crime, disorder and filth. Poorer children usually worked in factories or as chimney sweeps, often working 16 hour days in horrendous conditions. By focusing on the crimes rather than their underlying causes and by making the Row a no mans land where fearless investigative reporters volunteered to visit and report on the inhabitants as though they were a foreign tribe, press coverage made the Row appear not a part of Newport and if it wasnt part of Newport, it shouldnt be there. M2VkODFhYTg1N2MwYjAzNzcxNTA1ZDE3MmEyYjEzNGE0ZjczMWU2MmQwNDlm Brick Lane, which passes through Spitalfields, was inhabited in the 1880s mostly by Orthodox Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe. The press created melodramatic tales of slum life, stressing the inherent criminality of slum dwellers who were presented as clearly gendered stereotypes. Slum stories appeared against the backdrop of major economic and social change. Charles Booths map of London poverty with darker areas indicating poorer living conditions. Finally, for more suggestions on how to carry out a local study use ourvideo guidance in the Victorians website. Photograph by H.C.F., 1896 by Wellcome Collection; Illustration depicting cramped and squalid housing conditions by Wellcome Collection; The Rooks over Carlow by SerpentStareCC BY-SA - Shop Sign, Chapel market, Islington by Jim Osley - geograph.org.uk#VictorianLondon #VictorianDocumentary #VictorianLondonDocumentary #VictorianEraDocumentary #VictorianLife #VictorianSlums #Victorian #19thCentury #HistoryDocumentary #FactFeast Ackroyd, Peter. Hide items that would be out of place in a room from each era - for example, a flushing toilet in the Victorian slums, or a water pump in a modern kitchen - will kids spot what shouldn't be there? Who lived in the hellish poverty of overcrowded hovels called slums of Victorian London? But overwhelmingly press coverage focused on the women of the Row. These doss houses were a familiar sight in the Victorian slums. A group of coarse, dirty women stood, with their bare arms akimbo, discussing the murder, whilst a dozen of half-dressed children were sitting about the road, apparently playing. Show all articles. London: Allen & Unwin, 1986. They may not be called slum, however; see shanty town. Tailor Russell and his family get to grips with the Victorian rag trade. Watch a short video about the the famous Victorian Grace Darling - 'heroine of the sea'. NDY5MDJiMzU3N2I2NGM0Y2Y5NmIwYmRlMzM3YTFlZDljYTRlMjNlZTVlNDAz Does the document show the writers opinions/values? There were often no waste disposal facilities, so rubbish was tipped out into the street, and many Victorian homes didn't have running water. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 2001. Domestic spaces were cramped and busy, leading to an understandable loss of temper but motivation and cause were not of interest to the press. N2U1MjdkYjNhNzY1MjVhYTE4NjEzNzRkOTUxMmExYTQzOTA3MzY3OTllM2Ux ZTI4NTYxN2ZlZjQ2ODgwNmQzMGE0MTA2YjU5NjczYzRjNzI5ZjM1ZDQ2MTZi [Victorian Crime and Punishment](http://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/victorian-crime-and-punishment-lesson-for-ks2-12060410) A full lesson for KS2 about crime and punishment in the Victorian period, including a detailed lesson plan, Powerpoint and pupil resource sheets. The Slums of Victorian London, Victorian Studies, 11, 1 (1967) 5-40. A large slum pictured behind skyscrapers in a more developed area in La Paz, Bolivia. Scotland, Nigel. Jack London, who explored the living conditions of the poor in Whitechapel for six weeks in 1902, was astounded by the misery and overcrowding of the Whitechapel slums. In 1860, Fr. However, during the decade that followed her death in 1901, some significant changes occurred. One of the many New York City slum photographs of Jacob Riis (ca 1890). The origins of London slums date back to the mid eighteenth century, when the population of London, or the Great Wen, as William Cobbett called it, began to grow at an unprecedented rate. In 1894, the Liverpool Mercury reported the graphic yet intimate details of a local magistrates experiences of the citys slums. What sources are useful for finding out about the British Empire and what the Victorians thought about it? Image National Trust Birmingham Back to Backs. She described the South Grove workhouse in her slum novel, In Darkest London: The Whitechapel Union is a model workhouse; that is to say, it is the Poor Law incarnate in stone and brick. In the late 19th century, middle-class Britain became fascinated by the existence of a foreign presence in its very own cities and towns. The differences between Victorian houses for the rich and the poor were massive. Harmonsworth: Penguin, 1970. The most notorious slum areas were situated in East London, which was often called "darkest London," a terra incognita for respectable citizens. In fact, for a considerable number of Victorian gentlemen and ladies slumming was a form of illicit urban tourism. Slum women were usually either untidy women and inadequate housekeepers, or innocents corrupted by the slum. A young boy sits over an open sewer in the Kibera slum, Nairobi. A 1913 slum dwelling midst squalor in Ivry-sur-Seine, a French commune about 5 kilometers from center of Paris. 1842. Their cross-class sexual fellowships contributed to diminishing class barriers and reshaping gender relations at the turn of the nineteenth century. The owner was served notice to provide four additional closets, although there is no evidence that they did. This post is the first in a series on how the poor lived in Victorian England. In the last two decades of the Victorian era a rising number of missionaries, social relief workers and investigators, politicians, journalists and fiction writers as well as middle-class do-gooders and philanthropists made frequent visits to the East End slums to see how the poor lived. Slumland. Residents themselves demonstrated some agency in 1875, organising a petition that was submitted to the council, calling attention to the closet accommodation to the houses at west end of Quiet Womans Row, which is a disgrace and a nuisance to the neighbourhood. In the second half of the nineteenth century, London slums attracted the attention of journalists and social researchers, who described them as areas of extreme poverty, degradation, crime and violence, and called for an immediate public action to improve the living and sanitary conditions of the working classes. 5. What we suggest is selected independently by the Kidadl team. Image National Trust Cragside Northumberland. Victorian children lived very different lives to children today. creative tips and more. Five facts about London's Victorian slums. The Danish government passed The Slum Clearance Act in 1939, demolished many slums including Borgergade, replacing it with modern buildings by the early 1950s. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard UP, 1983. ZWE5ZmEwNWU2ZjVmYjIwNmU2NDM4Y2ZiMzBhYjdiYzg3MmY1NWZkZTgxNDk1 A slum dwelling in Borgergade in central Copenhagen Denmark, about 1940. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. Inside of a slum house, from Jacob Riis photo collection of New York City (ca 1890). Check your inbox for your latest news from us. They enjoyed indoor flushing toilets, gas lighting (later even upgrading to electric lighting) and a warmly decorated parlour or drawing room, with curtains, patterned wallpaper, rugs, paintings, ornaments and plants. Many philanthropic institutions were active in Spitalfields in the second half of the nineteenth century. There was no water, and no toilet. Use the sources to find out how the Victorians enjoyed themselves. Described by the Daily Mail as the worst street in London it played host to the people most Londoners preferred to forget. Girls may turn to prostitution as young as 12. Explain how the sources are connected within your themes. The Persistence of Victorian Liberalism: The Politics of Social Reform in Britain, 1870-1900, Exiles of Erin: Irish Migrants in Victorian London, Slum Travelers: Ladies and London Poverty, 1860-1920, The Archaeology of Urban Landscapes: Explorations in YTYwYzNkMDBkZjc0MDVhNjBjMTQ0MmE5Njk0OTMyZjgyODg4YjU4ZDZkMWRj They all largely followed the same layout and design style, and continue to be a defining feature of many British towns and cities. A Fashionable London Mania Reaches New York. Tauris & Co., 2007. Instead, residents shared communal water pumps, but they were often polluted by the combination of sewage and rubbish that ran through the streets. Slums are vulnerable to extensive damage and human fatalities from landslides, floods, earthquakes, fire, high winds and other severe weather. Some of these people may also have social disadvantages. In 1905 the Unemployed Workmen Act gave financial support for businesses to employ more workers and the following year, children from impoverished families were offered free school meals. At Kidadl we pride ourselves on offering families original ideas to make the most of time spent together at home or out and about, wherever you are in the world. NWQ0NzlmNGE5MjA3MzZmZjk4NDRkOTQ0NjIxZjYyODBkMzZiNDViZTliMzBj One of the most influential projects was Charles Booths poverty survey, which looked at every street in London (except those in the City,) and colour coded them on a map, with black denoting the most deprived areas. (letter, report, photograph or newspaper), Check the meaning of any words you are unsure about.

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